Monday, May 23, 2005
X12 wip
KNOWLEDGE EVIDENCE QUESTIONS UNIT X12 - SUPPORT CLIENTS DURING CLINICAL ACTIVITIES 1. List the main treatments, investigations and procedures carried out in your work area.
Catheterisation
Lumber puncture
Sterile wound dressings
Blood pressure
Venopuncture
Temperature
Pulse
Pulse oximitry
Respirations
Weight
Girth
Receiving of blood and blood products
Receiving medication
2. Choose one of the above and describe the: Catheterisation
a) Preparation the patient needs prior to this.
· Ensure that the Registered Practitioner has explained the procedure and that the client fully understands what is going to happen before, during and after the procedure. If necessary, show them a leg bag and catheter, for example.
· Prepare the client for the procedure:-
i. Adjust clothing as necessary
ii. Offer toilet facility use
iii. Ensure client is comfortable
· Gather all necessary equipment required, i.e., a range of catheters for the appropriate gender, sterile glove for the Practitioner, sterile water for meatal cleansing, lubricant anaesthetic gel, appropriate catheter bag etc. Ensure that all packed items have intact packaging and are in date.
· Apply clean latex gloves and plastic apron, after washing and drying hands, and clean trolley with hot water and detergent, drying thoroughly afterwards, using clean wipes and paper towels for each area. Remove gloves and apron and place in appropriate bin.
· Place all equipment on bottom tray of trolley
· Ensure privacy for the patient: draw the blinds, close the door.
· Wash hands and dry. Apply latex gloves and plastic apron.
b) Support the patient may need during this.
Explain that the procedure will be uncomfortable and that any excessive pain should be reported.
Explain all procedures before and during to reduce anxiety
If questions asked are outside the scope of the worker, seek assistance from Registered Practitioner.
c) Care the patient will need after the activity.
Client may need assistance to readjust clothing
Client may need to be made comfortable again
Client may need assistance with adjusting catheter bag.
d) Common adverse reactions to the treatment/investigation/procedure and action you should take in this event.
On occasions, there may be some urethral trauma resulting in frank blood emanating from the meatus. If this occurs, then inform the registered practitioner and record the fact in the care plan.
3. Why is it important to ensure that the patient is informed of the nature of the treatment/investigation/procedure and the equipment to be used?
So any consent is informed
If consent is not informed, then abuse and assault occur.
4. What is meant by the term “informed consent”?
Clients are given all information necessary to make a decision as to have the procedure or not.
5. Why do patients need to sign a consent form prior to some treatments, investigations and procedures?
Some procedures can incur some degree of risk. It is important the clients know the degree of this risk prior to commencement of any procedure and must legally sign to say that they have been informed of the risk and they are happy for the procedure to be undertaken.
6. What happens if the patient refuses the treatment, investigation or procedure prescribed?
If this occurs, it is the role of ANY worker, regardless of role, to see that the client’s wishes are upheld. It is also very important that the registered practitioner is informed and that the objection is recorded in the client’s medical notes and care plan.
7. A patient asks you a detailed question about their test, its effects and the results of it. What should be your response?
Say that what they have asked is without your role and that you will ask a registered practitioner to come and speak to them.
8. Why is it important to check that: a) the patient has complied with any pre-treatment/investigation/procedure instructions?
Non-compliance may have fatal consequences
b) The patient understands any post-treatment/investigation/procedure instructions?
Non-compliance may have fatal consequences
9. Briefly explain the effects a patient’s personal beliefs and preferences may have on others and the treatment/investigation/procedure.
Some procedures require accessing of intimate parts of clients so it may be necessary for the same gender to perform some tasks.
Client may of dress codes that do not facilitate the regimens for certain treatments so a way around them must be sort
Some individuals may have certain diets, i.e. vegan, so some medication, i.e., the flu jab which is cultured using eggs, may not be desirable to them.
10. A specimen has been taken. a) What information needs to be put on the specimen container and form?
Full nameDate of birthHospital number
Date and time of specimen
Type of specimen
Ward
Hospital
Any other necessary information
b) How is the specimen despatched to the laboratory?
It is placed in the appropriate container which has been labelled and then put in the appropriate packaging and appropriately labelled.
It is then place in the designated collection point to be taken to the lab.
It may be necessary to arrange for some specimens to be fast tracked to the lab. This can be done by the worker or it may be necessary to arrange someone else to undertake the task rapidly.
11. Why is confidentiality important when dealing with specimens?
Patients may not want everyone to know that they have had a certain type of test taken, i.e. a pregnancy test or HIV test.
1. List the ways infection can be passed to the patient before, during or after a procedure.
Before
Not washing hands
Dirty equipment in place before commencement of activity
Patient may already be infected prior to commencement
During
Not washing hands
Dirty equipment being used for the procedure
Already infected client may have infection transferred to a clean area where they were not infected before hand, i.e., MRSA from client’s hand goes into wound.
After
Not washing hands
Dirty equipment not being cleaned or removed post activity.
2. Briefly explain the meaning of the following terms for cleanliness: a) socially clean Washed “normally” i.e., with water and detergent
b) Disinfection
Microbes are reduced to a safe level
c) Sterilisation
All microbes are removed
3. If you felt unsure of procedures, how would you obtain the relevant information?
It would be necessary to seek out information either from a registered practitioner or from the standards in the ward manager’s office.
Catheterisation
Lumber puncture
Sterile wound dressings
Blood pressure
Venopuncture
Temperature
Pulse
Pulse oximitry
Respirations
Weight
Girth
Receiving of blood and blood products
Receiving medication
2. Choose one of the above and describe the: Catheterisation
a) Preparation the patient needs prior to this.
· Ensure that the Registered Practitioner has explained the procedure and that the client fully understands what is going to happen before, during and after the procedure. If necessary, show them a leg bag and catheter, for example.
· Prepare the client for the procedure:-
i. Adjust clothing as necessary
ii. Offer toilet facility use
iii. Ensure client is comfortable
· Gather all necessary equipment required, i.e., a range of catheters for the appropriate gender, sterile glove for the Practitioner, sterile water for meatal cleansing, lubricant anaesthetic gel, appropriate catheter bag etc. Ensure that all packed items have intact packaging and are in date.
· Apply clean latex gloves and plastic apron, after washing and drying hands, and clean trolley with hot water and detergent, drying thoroughly afterwards, using clean wipes and paper towels for each area. Remove gloves and apron and place in appropriate bin.
· Place all equipment on bottom tray of trolley
· Ensure privacy for the patient: draw the blinds, close the door.
· Wash hands and dry. Apply latex gloves and plastic apron.
b) Support the patient may need during this.
Explain that the procedure will be uncomfortable and that any excessive pain should be reported.
Explain all procedures before and during to reduce anxiety
If questions asked are outside the scope of the worker, seek assistance from Registered Practitioner.
c) Care the patient will need after the activity.
Client may need assistance to readjust clothing
Client may need to be made comfortable again
Client may need assistance with adjusting catheter bag.
d) Common adverse reactions to the treatment/investigation/procedure and action you should take in this event.
On occasions, there may be some urethral trauma resulting in frank blood emanating from the meatus. If this occurs, then inform the registered practitioner and record the fact in the care plan.
3. Why is it important to ensure that the patient is informed of the nature of the treatment/investigation/procedure and the equipment to be used?
So any consent is informed
If consent is not informed, then abuse and assault occur.
4. What is meant by the term “informed consent”?
Clients are given all information necessary to make a decision as to have the procedure or not.
5. Why do patients need to sign a consent form prior to some treatments, investigations and procedures?
Some procedures can incur some degree of risk. It is important the clients know the degree of this risk prior to commencement of any procedure and must legally sign to say that they have been informed of the risk and they are happy for the procedure to be undertaken.
6. What happens if the patient refuses the treatment, investigation or procedure prescribed?
If this occurs, it is the role of ANY worker, regardless of role, to see that the client’s wishes are upheld. It is also very important that the registered practitioner is informed and that the objection is recorded in the client’s medical notes and care plan.
7. A patient asks you a detailed question about their test, its effects and the results of it. What should be your response?
Say that what they have asked is without your role and that you will ask a registered practitioner to come and speak to them.
8. Why is it important to check that: a) the patient has complied with any pre-treatment/investigation/procedure instructions?
Non-compliance may have fatal consequences
b) The patient understands any post-treatment/investigation/procedure instructions?
Non-compliance may have fatal consequences
9. Briefly explain the effects a patient’s personal beliefs and preferences may have on others and the treatment/investigation/procedure.
Some procedures require accessing of intimate parts of clients so it may be necessary for the same gender to perform some tasks.
Client may of dress codes that do not facilitate the regimens for certain treatments so a way around them must be sort
Some individuals may have certain diets, i.e. vegan, so some medication, i.e., the flu jab which is cultured using eggs, may not be desirable to them.
10. A specimen has been taken. a) What information needs to be put on the specimen container and form?
Full nameDate of birthHospital number
Date and time of specimen
Type of specimen
Ward
Hospital
Any other necessary information
b) How is the specimen despatched to the laboratory?
It is placed in the appropriate container which has been labelled and then put in the appropriate packaging and appropriately labelled.
It is then place in the designated collection point to be taken to the lab.
It may be necessary to arrange for some specimens to be fast tracked to the lab. This can be done by the worker or it may be necessary to arrange someone else to undertake the task rapidly.
11. Why is confidentiality important when dealing with specimens?
Patients may not want everyone to know that they have had a certain type of test taken, i.e. a pregnancy test or HIV test.
1. List the ways infection can be passed to the patient before, during or after a procedure.
Before
Not washing hands
Dirty equipment in place before commencement of activity
Patient may already be infected prior to commencement
During
Not washing hands
Dirty equipment being used for the procedure
Already infected client may have infection transferred to a clean area where they were not infected before hand, i.e., MRSA from client’s hand goes into wound.
After
Not washing hands
Dirty equipment not being cleaned or removed post activity.
2. Briefly explain the meaning of the following terms for cleanliness: a) socially clean Washed “normally” i.e., with water and detergent
b) Disinfection
Microbes are reduced to a safe level
c) Sterilisation
All microbes are removed
3. If you felt unsure of procedures, how would you obtain the relevant information?
It would be necessary to seek out information either from a registered practitioner or from the standards in the ward manager’s office.
# posted by alanpjack @ 3:25 AM 
